Explain break even analysis & its calculator

Explain break even analysis & its calculator
Answer:
Break-even point:
The point at which total of fired & variable costs of a business become equal to its total revenue is known as break-even point.
Revenues = variable cost
            At this point a business neither earns any profit nor suffers any loss it also known as, no profit, no loss, or zero profit point.
            Calculation of break even point is important for every business because it tells business owners & managers how much sale are needed to cover all fixed as well as variable expenses of the business or the sale volume after which the business will start generating profit. The computation of sales volume required to break even is known as break-even analysis.
ü  When there is profit.
§  Revenue > variable cost + fixed cost
ü  At break point
§  Revenue = variable cost  + fixed cost
ü  When there is a loss.
§  Revenue < variable cost + fixed cost
Calculation of break-even point
1)      Use of equation method:
                        The application of equation method facilitates the computation of break even                     point both in units and in dollars.
Q = variable expenses + fixed expenses
Sales price per unit

            Q = Number (quantity) of units to be manufactured & sold during the period
            Suppose;
                        The annual fixed expenses to run the business are $ 15,000 and variable  expenses             are $ 7.50 per unit sale price of your product is $ 15 per unit. The number of units to be             sold to break even can be easily calculated using equation method.
Q = variable expenses + fixed expenses
Sales price per unit

Q = Q7.5 + 15000
15
15Q = 7.5Q + 15000
15Q – 7.5 Q = 15000
7.5 Q = 15000
Q= 15000 / 7.5
Q= 2000 units
              The break-even point in unit is 2000 units and break even point in dollars are;
                                                        =2000 units x $15
                                                            = 30,000
2)      Use of contribution margin method;
     The method describe above is equation method. Some people use another method
called contribution margin method under this method; the total fixed expenses are divided
by contribution margin per unit.

            Consider the following computations.

            =   Total fixed exp / Contribution margin per unit

            If total fixed exp are 15000 and margin ration is 0.5 then.
                                               

                                                = $ 15000
                                                        0.5
                                                = 30,000
                                   
                                    Note: 0.5 = (15-7.5)
                                                            15

                    Graphical presentation
                                    The graphical presentation of dollar and unit sales needed to break even is known as break even chart or cup graph;


Explanation:

With the help of above graph, we can easily judge the break – even point and can estimate the revenue and variable & fixed expenses. On the above diagram, the “E” shows the break-even point, show the 1800 units at 11000 dollars. 

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